Chimney



July l0, 1928;

w. E. GlLsoN CHIMNEY Filed Oct. 14', 1926 n v X,

Patented July 10, i928.

y UNITED STATES WILLIAM E. GILsoN, 0F sT. Louis, ivrrssouai.`

Application filed October 14, 1926;' Serial No. 141,508.

rlhis invention relates to chimneys or stacks, and with regard to certain more' specilic features to a. chimney construction in-` cluding in a new and improved combination certain features of both masonry and Inonoy Y v there is provided a foundation pit 5 which is lithic chimneys.

Among the several objects of the inventionmay be noted the provision of ap'osi.- tively lire proof chimney which has interlocked and staggered joints which at no place are in alignment or in'communicationg the provision of a chimney of the class dejscribed which has a pleasingly ornamental and weatherproof external surface; the provision of a chimney of the class described in which the fire resisting lining and the ornamental external jacket function as a form for a column of monolithic `concrete therebetween, which form needs. not be removed upon completion of the stack; and a chimney of the class described which is exceedingly strongand weatherproof, yet economical to build. Other-objects will rbe in part obvious and in part pointed out hereinafter.

The invention accordingly comprises the features of construction, and arrangements` of parts which will be exemplified inthe vstructure hereinafter described, and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the following claims.

Inl the accompanying drawings, inA which are illustrated several of various possible emy bodi'ments rof the' invention,

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of one form of the chimney built at theside of a building;

Fig. 2 is anenlarged cross section taken on line 2-2 of Fig'. l;

Fig. 3 is a lower fragmentary vertical section taken on lin'e 3-3 of Fig. 2 and shows certain clean-outv or flue arrangements;

Fig. 4 is; a view similar to Fig. 3 taken at a lower elevation and shows the connection between thev chimney and its foundation;

Fig. 5 is a cross ysection taken on line 5 5 of Fig. 4;

Fig. (iis a. fragmentary longitudinal section illustrating an alterna-te method of building the chimney; and f Fig. 7 is across section taken on line 77 of Fig. 6., y f Similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views of the drawings.

- Referring now more particularly to Figs. l and 2, there is illustrated at numeral l a building, wall which has a. smoke outlet 3 to which a chimney is to be connected for the purpose of maintaining a draft through said outlet 3 when asou'rce of heat comn'n'n'ncates therewith. v y

In order to accomplish the above result,

filledV preferably with ordinary grave-l -or stone concrete 7. During the process of lilling this pit, reenforcing rods 9,and rings l() are set andfalso the lower-most one of a series of externa-l hollow tiles ll. This lo w ermost external tile yis set welll 4down into the concrete pit and lilled as the filling of the pit proceeds. f

The external tiles ll, as stated, are hollow and are preferably of a square cross section or other shape which is not round. They are of the forni of tile usually used for purposes of lining lines andthe like. For the present purposes theseytilesjll are'suitably colored to yprovidea pleasing external appearance and are givenv a. baked external glaz'e whereby 'they are made 'weatherl'iroof rlhey may be mottled if desired.

After the first tile 1l is set, asabove d escribed, its hollowinterior is completely lilled with co-ncreteand the system of re-l enforcing rods 9, l() brought therethrough. The reenforcing syste-m comprises a. series of longitudinal rods 9 overlapping at their ends but set substantially in a line, and a plurality vof cooperating girth rings lO. These rings l0`may be wired to the longitudinal rods 9. All reenforcements are set as the concrete is about to be'poured. j Vhen'the lowermost tile 11 has been lilled (the reenforcing rods protruding from the top thereof), the nent tile ll'lis positioned on said low'ermost tile and in alignment there-V with. The reenforcing system is brought through the second tile and this' tile is also' filled with gravel concrete. This systemof building a structure is continued until a predetermined elevation A-A is reached immediately under the clean-out or flue 3. The above described portion of the structure comprises a foundation.

The next tile 1l, herein called a connecting'tile', is similar to those above described and is similarly placed exceptthat it is provided withan opening 13 aligning with theV opening A hollow forni or linerl l5 is placed in the opening 3 and caused to project into-the connecting tile il in question. y The lower end of thevlowermost one of al second series of tile 17 is made to cooperate rio and coninninicate with the hollow form l5. The reenforcing system is brought through the connecting tile 11 in the manner above described and under these conditions this connecting tile is filled to its upper edge with cinder concrete 19 or other material which is adapted to expandand contract without breaking under varying temperatures.

The internal tile 17 extends substantially one-half of4 its own length above its respective external tile 11, and the tile 1:1 v,under these conditions is .(asdescribed) filled in with concrete up to `its upper. edge. In otherwords, the internal: andA external tile members overlap one another approximately one-half of their lengths or at mid points. lt'is evident that the exact amo-unt of overlap depends upon strength,requirements, the

primary consideration being that each time a tile is placed in` position, that there will be formed between it and the juxtaposed tile a substantial cavity or form adapted to permit building up of a monolithic-column of concrete.

Each ofthe series of tiles 17L comprises av Y half tile length above the upper edge of the tile 17. Cinder concrete may now be filled yin to the edge of the tile 17 (elevation B B). Next, another tile 17 is applied on its respective stack and as the reenforcing system is carried up cinder concrete is filled in up to the elevation C -C- This process of lalternately applying square and round tiles whose edges are disaligned, and fillingl in .i concreteV to the'lowermost edge of a given pair of tiles, while carrying up the reenforcing system between them, is continued indefinitely and may be stopped at any point, one ofthe tiles 17 being the last one to be used. The reenforcing system is cut-olf substantially at the upper edge of t-he last tile 11 to be used. Thus an effective chimney is provided. If desired, the last ofl the series of the tiles 17 may be made of an odd length so that a pleasing appearing 'head will be had for the chimney. This last-,tile 17 may Vbe glazed.

In Fig. 1 is illustrated how an external batter 21 may be'readily appliedto this type of construction where required. The batter is constructedmerely by reducing the sizes of the tiles 11 in the external stack, but not necessarily their length.` The tiles composing the reduced Continuation of the external stack of tiles are numbered 23 in the drawings. Fig. 2 Villustrates how the reenforcing system of rods yis proportioned to 'be effective vthroughout the length of the chimney, though variable sizes of external square tile 11,23 are used.

The conc-rete may be beveled at the batter 21 and at the the head 25 of the chimney. It is to be understood that each addition of concrete is to be placed preferably while the concrete beneath is wet, whereby a positively bound and monolithic structure of concrete is formed; andk if work is interrupted, whereby a given portion yof the concrete'does dry, then when work is resumed, the upper surface of the dried portion should be treated; in the usual manner pursued in pouring monolithic forms under such conditions. The purpose of using cinder concrete above a` level such as A-A is to provide an expansiblc non-lu'cakable mass. The interstices in cinders give this qualityto cinder concrete. Below the level A-A strength is the onlyZ requirement (wide temperature variations not being present) and therefore ordinary gravel or stone concrete or its equivalent may' be used. c

' Fig. 1 illustrates how the chimney may be braced to a building wall 1by means of U-shaped tie members 27. The chimney may be otherwise braced if desired orf'built in .other locationswith respect to the structure it serves. The length of the foundation comprising the filled tiles 11 is variable as well as the proportions of the chimney proper, depending upon circumstances.

Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate a modified method for building up the stack above the level "A-A or its equivalent, whereby ordinary gravel or stone concrete or the likeis used instead of cinder concrete. As illustratedl in said Fig. 6, the method of successively building up the inner and outer tiles, Vsetting the reenforcing system and pouring the gravel or stoneis .analagous to the method'nsed in the Figs. 1 to Sconstruction. y

Provision Vfor expansion is provided in 'the Figs. 6 and 7 construction by inserting` four hollow open-end pipes or rods 29 into the iirst'external square tile laid down andeutside of the first internal round tile'. As conthe rods 29 but does not iill them as itis too coarse. The rods are of a length adapted to reach above the level of-the particular tile up to whose upper. edge the poured concreteV crete is poured it takes a position around izo reaches and to reach above the upper edge i of the next alternate tile. This gives the Fig. 6 solid line position ofthe upper end of rods 29.

lVhile the concreteis yet wet the rods 29 are twisted and drawn upwardly fromftheir solid-line positions shown in Fig. 8' until their vupper ends stand above the next alternate tile (shown in dotted lines) a distance equal to their last projection above a tile edge. In other words the rods 29 are drawn up half a tile length after each pouring of concrete and are of such lengths in themselves as to always extend well downwardly into a bed of wet concrete. Thus the rods 29 are drawn along and leave cylindrical passages 3l behind them, which passages take up expansion. The rods are hollow so as to permit atmospheric pressure to enter the expansion passages whereby collapse of said passages is prevented while the concrete is wet. Any suitable number of these rods may be used, four being shown in the present em# bodiment. As the stackr is completed these rods are drawn from the last pour of concrete and the upper ends of the passages 31 ends are preferably sealed up;

The above described construction, in both its modifications, is especially applicable to residence chimneys where strength with a graceful form is desired. It is well adapted to extending` chin'ineys in use which are too low in View of surrounding buildings. No painting is required nor dangerous over hanging cap.` Y Y It is to be understood that While square external tile are preferable because their four corners (lilled with concrete) provide a buttressing effect, yet other shapes of tile 'may be used in the external column. j

Fig. 6 illustrates one of the advantages of the invention which is that any given pouring of concrete may readily be reached for tamping purposes because the next successive tile is not yet placed nor in the way. Another advantage is that the internaland external columns have their respective tiles abutted at disaligned points or elevations, yet the tiles are telescoped to provide forms ifor the concrete, and these forms need not be removed but serve their described purposes.

It is evident irom the above, that this chimney constructionl comprises telescoping successive pairs of members while filling in a monolithic structure therebetween.

In view or' the above, it will be seen that the several objects of the invention are achieved and other advantageous results attained. p i

many changes could be made in carrying out the above constructions wit-hout departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that al1 matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and vnot in a limiting sense.

l claim: l. A chimney construction comprising a column or' abutted internal tubular members,

a column or external abutted tubular mem bers in spaced relationship to said internal members, a monolithic mass of concrete between said members, the abutments between the internal members and the abutments between the external members being disalignedy an amount adapted to providel successive l'orms, whereby said monolithic column of concrete may be built up.

2. A chimney construction comprising a lower portion comprising a column o abutted external tubular members filled with a monolithic column ot reeniorced material,A said material being monolithically connected with nal columns, the reeni'orcement for said ma` terial comprising metallic members joining the foundation block and the upper portion, said reenforcement surrounding said abutted internal tubular members.

3. A chimney construction'comprising a lower portion comprising `a column of abutted external tubular members filled with va monolithic column of reenforced material,`

said material being monolithically connected with a foundation block, and an upper portion comprising a continuation of said lexternal column augumented by a column of abutted internal tubular members in spaced relationship to said external members, the abutments between the external members and the abutment's between the internal members being disaligned so that said members overlap at inid-points and a continuation of said reeniorced monolithic material between the said external and internal columns.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification this 11th day of October', 1926.

WILLIAM n. GrLson 

